Acetone

CAS number:67-64-1

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• Molecular Formula:

  C3H6O

• Molecular Weight:

  58.08g/mol

• Brief Introduction:

  Acetone is a versatile compound that is used in industrial manufacturing and naturally exists in the environment. It is a colorless, volatile and flammable liquid with a unique odor and taste, and is easily soluble in water and other solvents such as ethanol and ether. As one of the ketone bodies, acetone is produced by fat decomposition during human metabolism. Especially in diabetes or starvation, its concentration may increase and is used to maintain pH buffering capacity and provide energy to peripheral tissues. In the chemical industry, acetone is mainly produced as a byproduct through the energy-intensive cumene process, but the latest research proposes a more sustainable method - using γ-alumina (PtSn/γ-Al2O3) catalyst loaded with platinum tin nanoparticles to prepare acetone by wet reforming of propane at 350°C, achieving a yield of 858.4 μmol/g and a selectivity of 57.8%. In addition, the detection of acetone is very important for health monitoring, especially the preconcentrator made of improved metal-organic framework materials can effectively capture and detect acetone from exhaled breath, which has potential application value for diagnosis and daily health monitoring. Acetone is also widely used in the chemical industry as a solvent and building block, with a global market size of over US$6 billion and an annual output of over 6 million tons.

• Properities:

  Fixative for Viruses	Orthoflavi- and alphaviruses (e.g., dengue virus (DENV) and Ross River virus (RRV)) [1]
  Fixation Concentration	20% acetone (standard method) [1]
  Fixation Duration	24 hours (standard method) [1]
  Fixation Temperature	4°C (standard method) [1]
  Inactivation Efficacy	50% acetone fully inactivates DENV and RRV [1]
  Inactivation Efficacy	20% acetone does not reduce infectivity of DENV and RRV [1]
  Detection Method Compatibility	Effective with ELISA-based detection for DENV- and RRV-infected cells [1]
  Sensing Concentration Range	0.75-5 ppm [2]
  Sensing Temperature	250°C [2]
  umidity Effect on Sensing	Decreased response up to 30% RH (at 26°C); no further changes beyond 30% RH [2]
  Surface Interaction (In₂O₃)	Hydroxylated In₂O₃ surface decomposes acetone, consuming hydroxyls and forming adsorbed acetates [2]
  Sensing Mechanism (In₂O₃)	Not based on surface combustion [2]
  Biomarker for	Diabetes mellitus [3]
  Concentration in Human Breath	1.25-2.5 ppm (for non-invasive detection) [3]
  Compatible Sensing Films	Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate, Apiezon L, Apiezon T [3]
  Lowest Limit of Detection	1.7 ppm (with PDMS sensing film) [3]
  Purity (Merck)	0.999 mole fraction [4]
  Preparation Method	Degassed by vacuum distillation (before experiments) [4]
  Critical Temperature (TcAce)	508.2 K [4]
  Temperatures Investigated (with CO₂)	303.15 K, 333.15 K, 363.15 K [4]
  Reduced Temperatures (with CO₂)	Approximately 0.60, 0.66, 0.71 [4]
  PCP-SAFT parameter (σ/A)	2.7447 [4]
  PCP-SAFT parameter (ϵ/kB/K)	3.2742 [4]
  PCP-SAFT parameter (μ/D)	232.99 [4]
  PCP-SAFT parameter (Q/D A˙)	2.88 [4]
  PCP-SAFT parameter (1029 κ DGTT/Jm5mol−2)	10.944 [4]
  Polarity	Strongly polar [4]
  Classification	Ketone body, metabolic by-product from fatty acid breakdown [5]
  Electrochemical Activity	Lacks inherent electrochemical activity [5]
  Electrochemical Detection	Forms hydrazone derivatives upon reaction with 2-hydrazinobenzoic acid [5]
  Electrochemical Sensor Linearity	0.125-1.25 mM [5]
  Electrochemical Sensor Limit of Detection	0.034 mM [5]
  Application in Biological Fluids	Successfully detected in spiked artificial saliva [5]

• References:

  [1] Complete inactivation of orthoflavi- and alphaviruses by acetone for safe titering by ELISA. Journal of Virological Methods, 335 (2025) 115146.

  [2] Acetone sensing with In₂O₃: Spectroscopic insights into the surface phenomena. Sensors & Actuators: B. Chemical, 441 (2025) 138035.

  [3] Projection to latent structures regression and its application to Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical fiber sensors for acetone detection. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 184 (2025) 108689.

  [4] Vapor-liquid interfacial properties of the system acetone + CO₂: Experiments, molecular simulation, density gradient theory, and density functional theory. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 596 (2025) 114436.

  [5] Monitoring ketoacidosis and ketosis through electrochemical sensing of acetone and acetoacetate in biological fluids after dilution. Sensors & Actuators: B. Chemical, 433 (2025) 137557.

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